Gastroparesis (GP) is a gastric motility disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. This expert consensus covers aspects of GP etiology (diabetes, surgery, drug-induced, idiopathic, scleroderma, etc.), symptomatology, diagnosis (scintigraphic imaging, ultrasound contrast meal assessment, and radiopaque marker gastric motility testing), and treatment (pharmacological therapy, nutritional support, traditional Chinese medicine, and interventions targeting the pylorus, such as endoscopic surgery and surgical procedures). GP significantly impacts patients' psychological well-being and quality of life, potentially leading to psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression, and also imposes a heavy economic burden on patients and society. Therefore, this expert consensus advocates for the establishment of a multidisciplinary team diagnosis and treatment model, which will further standardize and optimize the diagnosis and treatment process of GP in our country and is crucial for improving patients' therapeutic outcomes and quality of life.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), constituting 75-85% of primary liver cancer cases, ranks as the third leading cause of global cancer-related mortality. The early diagnosis of HCC is critical for determining optimal clinical therapeutic strategies. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a preferred for managing early-stage HCC cases, primarily due to its less invasive nature, simplicity and safety. Advanced imaging for pre-operative evaluation of HCC has been increasingly used. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has improved the clinical application of ultrasound (US) in HCC. It also provide more accurate informations for guiding RFA procedures. In the future, CEUS, through its convergence with emerging artificial intelligence (AI)-driven technologies, will play an even greater role in HCC management. This systematic review evaluates the utility of Sonazoid-enhanced contrast ultrasound (Sonazoid-CEUS), particularly its unique Kupffer phase imaging, in improving HCC diagnostic and optimizing RFA precision via real-time monitoring capabilities and prolonged imaging windows (up to 60 minutes).

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers affecting women worldwide. Ultrasound is extensively utilized for clinical screening and diagnosis due to its affordability, absence of radiation, and rapid imaging capability. To enhance diagnostic accuracy, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed, with segmentation and classification being key techniques. This review systematically examines 62 recent studies on breast ultrasound segmentation and classification, covering various imaging techniques such as B-mode, elastography, 3D ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and color Doppler. specifically, we detail the challenges and deep-learning-based methods associated with these modalities. Comparative analysis reveals that current deep learning approaches typically achieve Dice coefficients ranging from 0.79 to 0.91 for segmentation and classification accuracies exceeding 88.2% in multimodal settings. Finally, this article identifies critical research gaps, including data scarcity and model interpretability, and discusses future directions such as multimodal fusion and explainable AI (XAI) to further improve clinical applicability.

Placenta is a vital organ of a unique circulatory system that allows the exchange of nutrients between maternal and fetal circulations, supporting fetal growth during pregnancy. The placental nutrient transfer capacity is precisely modulated by the signals originating from the fetus, mother, and placenta itself, thereby ensuring appropriate regulation of fetal growth. However, the abnormality of any link in this process may lead to the failure of the regulation, and thus the placenta can no longer meet the fetal demand, causing fetal growth restriction (FGR). This review investigates the morphological and functional alterations in the regulation of placental growth and development, as well as the uteroplacental circulation in human pregnancies complicated by FGR. Additionally, it discusses the ultrasound application in the assessment of placental insufficiency.

Focused ultrasound (FUS) represents an emerging non-invasive technique capable of achieving reversible and targeted opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) when combined with microbubbles (MBs), significantly enhancing drug permeability. This technology demonstrates considerable potential in preclinical studies for diagnosing and treating neurological disorders. Ensuring safe and effective BBB opening while preventing tissue injuries such as red blood cell extravasation remains a critical translational challenge. This review examines the mechanisms of FUS combined with MBs induced BBB opening, key influencing factors, and recent advances in strategies for monitoring and controlling in vivo cavitation activity, providing foundational insights for future research.

Perimenopause is the transition from the reproductive period to menopause, marked by a decline in the number and function of oocytes. Transvaginal ultrasound is a reliable method for assessing ovarian reserve. Ajwa dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) contain macro- and micronutrients, phenolics, and flavonoids, which have antioxidant potential that may improve ovarian condition in perimenopausal women. This study aims to determine the effect of ajwa date consumption on ovarian follicle characteristics assessed by transvaginal ultrasound in perimenopausal women.

This quasi-experimental pre-post control group study was conducted at RSIA Sitti Khadijah I Muhammadiyah Makassar, Indonesia, from February to August 2023. A total of 44 perimenopausal women aged 42-48 years were randomly assigned to intervention (n = 28) or control groups (n = 16). Ovarian follicle changes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.

The intervention group showed a decrease in follicle number with an increase in follicle size, while the control group showed an increase in follicle number and a decrease in size. These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Consumption of ajwa dates as an exogenous antioxidant can influence the number and size of antral follicles, which serve as predictive indicators of menopausal transition.