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From Non-Mass Stage to Complex Type: Ultrasonographic Assessment of Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis Across Six Clinical Stages
Yin Yuliana,1, Cheng Yifana,1, Zhou Liangmeib, Zhong Yuanyuana, Wang Binga, Wu Jingjinga, Ren Yajuanb, Gao Dongwenb, Chen Hongfenga, Ye Meinaa,*(), Yin Haoqiangb,*()

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Figure 4. Ultrasonographic features of the Non-Mass Stage in GLM (type 4: Track Sign with Periductal Abscess Formation). (A) shows the ultrasonographic appearance of several ducts behind the areola with irregular dilation. The inner wall of the duct displays linear high echogenicity (triangle arrow), while the surrounding ductal wall is markedly thickened and presents as an extremely hypoechoic area (thin arrow). The stroma around the duct shows decreased echogenicity, slightly higher than that of the surrounding ductal wall (area marked with asterisks); (B) shows the same patient's ipsilateral breast, with a local quadrant demonstrating an irregular mixed echogenic area around the duct, which corresponds to fat necrosis and abscess formation (bold arrow).